ZHU Biheng, MIAO Qihao
							
								
									Competitive Intelligence. 2025, 21(5): 2-10.
								
															
							
							
							
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								After World War II, the focus of international competition gradually shifted from the military sphere to the economic and technological domains, prompting many countries to construct economic and technological intelligence systems suited to their own needs. The Soviet Union, France, and Japan each pursued distinct explorations in this regard. In Europe during the 1970s, a relatively unique school of economic and technological intelligence emerged. Represented by Stevan Dedijer, this school advanced the concept of “social intelligence”, which exerted a profound influence on the economic and technological intelligence practices of developing countries. The academic recognition and dissemination of this idea owed much to the efforts of information scientist Blaise Cronin. This “thinker–communicator” mode of collaboration reveals a core theme in the development of economic and technological intelligence: how to construct bridges between scholarship and practice. Although Dedijer’s ideas lacked systematic writings, his advocating, training, and consulting services influenced other schools of thought, including those in French economic intelligence and American competitive intelligence, and highlighted the urgency of developing economic and technological intelligence in developing countries. Cronin, by contrast, ensured the preservation, circulation, and integration of these ideas into the academic literature system through academic research and documentation. This intersection of the two not only aligns with the principle that theory originates from practice but also holds unique significance. In the process of knowledge production and retention, the importance of systematic articulation and dissemination mechanisms is often no less significant than originality itself. Today, the development of economic and technological intelligence in China faces new challenges brought by the impact of artificial intelligence and the risks of geopolitics, while the division between theory and practice has become increasingly prominent. Against this backdrop, revisiting this episode of intelligence history and reflecting on how to reconstruct a system of “theories of economic and technological intelligence in practice” is of critical contemporary relevance.